Last updated on October 30th, 2023 at 04:28 pm

For years, small- to medium-sized companies have outsourced specific niche functions of their businesses, such as tax preparation, legal assistance, financial portfolio management and actuarial services. Today, more and more companies are outsourcing core functions, such as accounting/finance transactional services such as Accounts payable, IT, payroll and HR, so they can shift time, money and other resources to strategic business activities, instead of focusing on administrative functions.

What was once appealing to smaller companies has since expanded to larger organisations that now see outsourcing as a smart and viable option to optimise business processes and ultimately improve the bottom line. However, outsourcing is not for everyone. It’s important that companies take the time to understand and assess the pros and cons involved, such as cost/benefit ratio, potential risks, service level agreements (SLAs) and necessary controls, before making any changes.

Considerations – do your homework, set expectations upfront

When considering whether or not to outsource key accounting/finance functions, such as the under-appreciated, yet critically important, financial close process, there are several factors to think about:

Cost / Benefit analysis – what are the true costs (direct and indirect) of in-house versus an outsourcer? We need to compare the cost of maintaining the finance department (or portion thereof, depending on the scope of the project) in-house, taking into account expenses like salaries, benefits, training, office space, equipment and software, compared to the overall expense of using an outsourcer to achieve the same goals. All costs associated with outsourcing need to be clearly documented in the written agreement in order to reduce (or, better yet, eliminate) the potential for hidden costs.

Service Level Agreements (SLAs) with the outsourcer are a must but we should also have internal SLAs in place with our internal stakeholders as our outsourcer’s success in most cases is dependent upon internal factors. Setting mutual expectations at the onset, such as deliverables and deadlines, facilitates this process (and will keep costs down in the end). The more detailed and specific the agreed upon expectations are, the better chance of avoiding unexpected costs down the line.

In the case of a finance department outsourcing agreement, it is especially important to clearly understand and agree on how any relevant data is accessed, how frequently, what format it is in and who (from both the company and the outsourcing partner firm) can access it. Company management needs to make sure they are comfortable with the arrangement and that it won’t impede their normal course of business (for instance, seeking a loan and needing real-time financials).

The level and range of services the potential outsourcer provides is another area to contemplate. Given that there are likely other clients vying for their time and attention, it is critical to understand how resources are allocated to ensure deadlines are met and that someone is always available to address any questions or concerns. If the outsourcer is located overseas, it is important to understand how the differing localities, time zones, cultures and languages are handled. In some cases, potential outside legal or political risks may need to be addressed ahead of time as these, too, could impact the relationship or service provided.

The transition process is another major consideration. An experienced outsourcer typically has a streamlined process in place to help minimize any delays in getting the work done, without anything slipping through the cracks. As a best practice, the company outsourcing the work can help ensure a smooth transition by having thorough documentation of all policies and procedures prepared ahead of time. Additional time may be required to help with this documentation, if it isn’t readily available, but it will prove well worth it when actually handing the work over to a third party.

One of the final, but most critical, challenges in transitioning accounting/finance operations to an outsourcer is ensuring that appropriate controls are in place to protect the company’s sensitive financial data. It’s critical that the service provider meets or exceeds all of the requirements a company would mandate in-house to safeguard the confidentiality and security of its data; for instance, having a disaster recovery plan in place and any other controls required by auditors, such as compliance with SSAE 16/ISAE 3402 reporting standards. Outsourcers offer varying levels of control, depending on the services offered and the size and experience of the outsourcer. For accounting/finance functions, companies should be sure their outsourcer has robust controls in place.

When done right, companies reap the rewards of outsourcing

Once an outsourcer is in place, how will we measure success? How will we articulate the qualitative and quantitative benefits? Do we know what success will look like?

The most obvious benefit is reduced costs. Supporting in-house employees and facilities can be costly. The cost of labour and operations to outsource a business function is often cheaper, especially when the cost savings can be reallocated and put back into running the business, and ultimately, generating more revenue. In general, companies report experiencing boosts in productivity when they are able to focus on the customer, rather than on backend/administrative functions.

A good outsourcing partner provides access to a team of specialists in a respective field, such as accounting/finance. This deep functional expertise usually translates into strong management and control around the processes, which, in the end, allows company management to feel confident about the accuracy of the financials the outsourcer prepares. Outsourcers are also used to working with deadlines and typically have more flexibility to use their resources to meet varying client timetables.

Key benefit of a smart outsourcer – optimising processes through technology and automation

Finally, just like their in-house counterparts, smart outsourcers are leveraging technology, where appropriate, to help gain efficiencies around various traditionally manual accounting/finance processes. Outsourcers often have the bandwidth and capital that companies may not have in-house. For example, a company may not have the time or money to investigate and implement a software tool that could help automate some of the processes in its financial close, such as account reconciliations or variance analyses, but an outsourcer may, because it can share the associated expenses across many clients. In the end, companies benefit by taking advantage of outsourcers’ means to streamline processes without the overhead.

When done right, companies reap the rewards of outsourcing by leveraging their best practices and efficiencies to allow companies to focus on growing the business and focusing on their customers.

As long as a company goes into it aware of the potential pros/cons, challenges and risks, the rewards are usually well worth it!

© Ann Furlong, FCCA, Director of Operations, APAC

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